Whmis 2 Types Of Labels

Decoding WHMIS 2015: Understanding the Two Types of Labels

The Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System (WHMIS) is a crucial Canadian system designed to protect workers from the hazards associated with hazardous materials in the workplace. Understanding WHMIS is vital for employers and employees alike, and a key component of this understanding lies in recognizing and interpreting the two main types of WHMIS labels: supplier labels and workplace labels. This article will delve into the specifics of each, highlighting their key differences and providing a comprehensive guide to navigating the information they provide.

Introduction to WHMIS 2015 and its Labeling System

WHMIS 2015 is an updated version of the original WHMIS, aligning Canada's hazardous materials regulations with the Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS). This harmonization ensures greater consistency across international borders, facilitating safer handling of hazardous materials worldwide. A core element of WHMIS 2015 is its labeling system, which utilizes standardized pictograms, signal words, hazard statements, and precautionary statements to convey crucial hazard information. This system relies on two distinct types of labels: those supplied by the manufacturer or importer (supplier labels) and those created by the employer for containers within the workplace (workplace labels).

Supplier Labels: The Manufacturer's Responsibility

Supplier labels are affixed to containers of hazardous materials before they reach the workplace. These labels are the responsibility of the supplier (manufacturer or importer) and must adhere strictly to WHMIS 2015 regulations. They provide the first line of defense in informing workers about the potential hazards associated with a particular product. Let's break down the key components of a supplier label:

1. Product Identifier: This clearly identifies the hazardous material contained within. It includes the product name, as well as any synonyms or trade names. This section ensures clear and unambiguous identification.

2. Pictograms: These are standardized symbols representing specific hazard classes. They provide a visual, at-a-glance warning of the potential dangers. Examples include:

• Flame: Flammable materials
• Exclamation Mark: Irritant, skin sensitizer, or other health hazards
• Corrosion: Corrosive materials
• Health Hazard: Acute toxicity, carcinogenicity, reproductive toxicity, etc.
• Environment: Environmental hazards
• Exploding Bomb: Explosives
• Gas Cylinder: Gases under pressure
• Skull and Crossbones: Acute toxicity (fatal or toxic)

3. Signal Words: These words, prominently displayed, indicate the severity of the hazard:

• Danger: Indicates a severe hazard
• Warning: Indicates a moderate hazard

The signal word chosen reflects the classification of the hazard and the potential for serious consequences.

4. Hazard Statements: These statements concisely describe the specific hazards associated with the material. They are standardized phrases selected from the GHS, ensuring consistency across labels. Examples include "Causes skin irritation," "May cause respiratory irritation," or "Harmful if swallowed."

5. Precautionary Statements: These statements provide recommendations for safe handling, storage, and disposal of the hazardous material. They offer practical advice to minimize risks. Examples include "Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapors/spray," "Wash hands thoroughly after handling," or "Dispose of contents/container in accordance with local/regional/national/international regulations."

6. Supplier Identification: This section provides the name and contact information of the supplier. This allows for easy tracing of the product and facilitates access to further information if needed.

7. Additional Information: Depending on the specific hazard class and the nature of the product, supplier labels might include additional information such as:

• First-aid measures: Basic first-aid instructions in case of accidental exposure
• Specific hazard information: Details about specific hazards not covered by the hazard statements

Workplace Labels: The Employer's Responsibility

Workplace labels are created by the employer and are applied to secondary containers in the workplace. These labels are crucial because hazardous materials are often transferred from their original containers into smaller, more manageable ones for use in various tasks. Workplace labels are not intended to replace supplier labels but to supplement them and provide critical information specific to the workplace context.

While workplace labels share many similarities with supplier labels, there are key distinctions:

• Simplified Information: Workplace labels are generally less detailed than supplier labels. They focus on the most critical hazard information relevant to the immediate work environment. This is because the comprehensive details are already provided on the original supplier label.

• Emphasis on Immediate Hazards: The information provided on a workplace label prioritizes the hazards most relevant to the specific task or process.

• No Product Identifier Redundancy: Unless necessary for clarity in a specific context, a workplace label generally doesn't repeat the full product identifier already present on the supplier label.

• Context-Specific Precautionary Statements: Precautionary statements on a workplace label may focus on the specific procedures or practices relevant to the work area.

The key elements of a workplace label generally include:

• Pictograms: The relevant pictograms identifying the major hazards associated with the substance in the secondary container.

• Signal Words (if necessary): If deemed necessary for clarity in a specific context, signal words might be included.

• Concise Hazard Statement(s): A simplified version of the hazard statement from the supplier label, focusing on the most critical hazard.

• Precautionary Statement(s): Statements relevant to the specific work environment and task, focusing on safe handling procedures in that particular context.

• Workplace Identifier: A clear description of the contents of the secondary container and any specific identification required within the workplace. This could include codes, task-specific designations, or other workplace-relevant information.

Understanding the Differences: A Comparative Table

The Importance of Proper Labeling

Accurate and up-to-date labeling is paramount to workplace safety. Both supplier and workplace labels play critical roles in ensuring workers are informed about the hazards they may encounter. Failure to properly label hazardous materials can lead to serious accidents, injuries, and even fatalities. Furthermore, it can result in significant legal and financial penalties for employers.

Consistent Application: It is crucial that both supplier and workplace labels are consistently applied and maintained. Damaged or missing labels must be replaced immediately. Employees should be trained to properly identify and interpret WHMIS labels and understand the associated hazards.

Regular Review and Update: Employers should regularly review their labeling practices to ensure they are compliant with WHMIS 2015 and updated GHS standards. Any changes to processes or the introduction of new materials should necessitate a review and adjustment of labeling protocols.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q: Can I create my own WHMIS labels?

A: While employers create workplace labels, they must still adhere to WHMIS 2015 regulations. Improperly created labels can negate the protections offered by the system. Using a standardized template and ensuring accuracy in information is crucial.

Q: What happens if a supplier label is damaged or missing?

A: If a supplier label is damaged or missing, the container should be treated as if it contains an unlabeled hazardous material. It should be segregated, and the supplier should be contacted for replacement labeling. The container should not be used until proper labeling is restored.

Q: What if the supplier label is in a language I don't understand?

A: The supplier should be contacted for a translation or a label in an understandable language. The material should not be used until proper communication is established.

Q: Are there any exceptions to the labeling requirements?

A: There are some limited exceptions, such as for materials already covered by other regulations (e.g., explosives) or for very small quantities of materials used immediately upon opening. However, these exceptions are few and must meet specific criteria outlined in WHMIS regulations. It’s crucial to understand and comply with the regulations concerning these exceptions.

Conclusion: A Foundation for Workplace Safety

Understanding the differences between supplier and workplace labels under WHMIS 2015 is crucial for maintaining a safe and compliant workplace. Both types of labels contribute significantly to effective hazard communication, enabling workers to identify and manage potential risks associated with hazardous materials. By properly interpreting and utilizing the information provided on these labels, employers and employees can collectively contribute to a safer and more productive work environment. Consistent compliance, proper training, and a proactive approach to label maintenance are fundamental to ensuring the ongoing effectiveness of the WHMIS system. Remembering that WHMIS is not simply a regulatory requirement, but a vital tool for protecting the health and safety of all workers, is crucial for successful implementation.